ABSTRACT
ObjectiveThere are few reports about abnormal oligonucleotide binding fold domain protein genes (OBGs) affecting the initiation of DNA replication in hepatocellular carcinoma through the microchromosome maintenance (MCM) complex. This study aims to explore the roles of reverse-transcription-related genes (RTGs) in Hepatocellular Carcinoma cells (HCC) and the correlation between gene polymorphisms and abnormal gene expression.Methods We created a mouse model by injecting hepatocellular carcinoma cell line H22 (logarithmic growth phase) and dissected the tumor bodies from tumor-forming mice. The control group was treated by isotonic saline without H22. The healthy liver tissue cells were taken from the control mice. The total RNA of the H22 group and control group were extracted, and differentially expressed genes were analyzed. Screening of differentially expressed reverse transcription-related DEGs (RDEGs), GO and KEGG analysis of RDEGs. The interaction analysis of RDEGs encoded proteins, and the correlation analysis of RDEGs polymorphism and gene expression.ResultsThere were 193 differentially expressed RTGs in HCCs, which were involved in two biological procedures, three cell components, one molecular function, three signal pathways, and three functional sites; Its function is mainly concentrated in DNA replication, especially the construction of MCM complex and telomere complex in which OBGs participate in the initiation of replication. Most related genes had OB fold domains. The results also showed that both AS and SNV caused gene polymorphism was positively correlated with gene expression, and most OBGs in HCC had SNV phenomenon, but not occurred in healthy liver tissue.Conclusion Collectively, AS and SNV may be important regulatory factors for gene expression. SNV may particularly affect the function of OBGs in the MCM complex to abnormally initiate DNA replication in HCC.
ABSTRACT
Fumigaclavine C (FC), an active indole alkaloid, is obtained from endophytic Aspergillus terreus (strain No. FC118) by the root of Rhizophora stylosa (Rhizophoraceae). This study is designed to evaluate whether FC has anti-adipogenic effects in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and whether it ameliorates lipid accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. FC notably increased the levels of glycerol in the culture supernatants and markedly reduced lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. FC differentially inhibited the expressions of adipogenesis-related genes, including the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor proteins, CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins, and sterol regulatory element-binding proteins. FC markedly reduced the expressions of lipid synthesis-related genes, such as the fatty acid binding protein, lipoprotein lipase, and fatty acid synthase. Furthermore, FC significantly increased the expressions of lipolysis-related genes, such as the hormone-sensitive lipase, Aquaporin-7, and adipose triglyceride lipase. In HFD-induced obese mice, intraperitoneal injections of FC decreased both the body weight and visceral adipose tissue weight. FC administration significantly reduced lipid accumulation. Moreover, FC could dose-dependently and differentially regulate the expressions of lipid metabolism-related transcription factors. All these data indicated that FC exhibited anti-obesity effects through modulating adipogenesis and lipolysis.